Bonds give materials distinctive chararistis. Strain makes a difference in how bonds form.

Dry Ice

Dry ice is a solid form of carbon dioxide. It is used as a cooling agent and for preserving food. To create dry ice two oxygen atoms are bonded with a single atom of carbon. Dry ice smokes because of the condensation of the carbon dioxide and warm air. The smoke is actually fog though.

Alloys

Alloys are mixtures composed of two or more elements of which at least one of these elements is a metal.
Sterling silver is an example of a alloy. It is composed of copper and sterling silver. This alloy is harder and more durable than regular silver. However, it is still soft enough to be made into jewelry. Another alloy is bronze. Bronze is composed of copper and tin. It is harder than copper and more easily cast. It is used to make coins.

What Birds See!

• Birds are attracted to different colors.


• The changing of the color of ambient light can trigger early breading and alter fertility rates in birds.


• Humans are trichromats and birds have photo-pigment. This means that birds can see up to two more wavelegnths than humans can.


• How birds see and percieve color can effect migration and how the birds interact socially and sexually.


• One of the greatest advantages of birds being able to use ultraviolet vision is their ability to spot left overs from prey. This can inculde urine and feces.

Naming Elements

Elements are usally named by the creators of the element. They can be named after the scientist themself such as einstienium or copernicium. However, they are usally just named by the scientist who discovered the element. The most recently created elements are 114 And 116. These elements are yet to be named. They are not named yet because element names must be approved by an international group of scientists before they are finalised. The only guidelines the two elements must follow is that they end in "ium". This is a common ending for elements. "ium" is a latin noun. It means to indicate a metal element and to indicate groups formed by positive ions.

Glow in the dark millipedes

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110926131805.htm

I thought that this article was very informative. I had know that many animals have unique defense mechanisms but I never knew that bioluninescense was one of them. I also did not know that bioluminescense was used as a warning signal. It is used to ward off predators and to attract mates. Another intresting fact is that there are 12,000 known speices of milipides. But most of them are undiscovered and are thought to range around 100,000.

The scientific method is a way to ask and answer scientific questions. You do this by making observations and doing experements. The steps of the scientific method are: ask a question, do background research, construct a hypothesis, test your hypothesis, analyze your data and then comunicate your results. In this article all of these steps were followed. The question: What is bioluminsscence used for? The background research was finding out how the milipedes live and what they eat. The hypothesis was that by using bioluminescence as a warning signal, luminisecent millipedes would be attacked less than the non luminesscent ones. To test the hypothesis a bronze cast of a millipede was created which they pained with glow in the dark paint. The millipede was taken to a park and set among non luminicent millipedes. When the data was analyzed it was discovered that over all, about 1/3 of them, both real and fake had been attacked. In conclusion, it was discovered that the predators don't care if the millipede is illuminated or not.